Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin In The Sun Essay -- essays research pap

I truly appreciated the film A Raisin in the Sun. It follows a dark family's battle to arrive at their since quite a while ago foreseen dreams. These fantasies, and the battles important to accomplish them, is one of the fundamental focal points of the film. The film started with a spouse, Walter, and wife, Ruth, battling about Walter's fantasy to make it in the business world by utilizing a protection check as an up front installment on opening an alcohol store. He accepts that on the off chance that somebody in the family would simply hear him out and set forth their trust, his fantasies would turn into a triumph. This scene represents a significant clash all through the story. As Walter dreams greater and greater he appears to leave the â€Å"smaller†' things, for example, his family behind. This development away from the family is against the headway of the qualities and ethics ...

Lawrence Snake Essays

Lawrence Snake Essays Lawrence Snake Paper Lawrence Snake Paper The duality of the last part in the sonnet where he ponders the insignificance of his activities can be viewed because of the difference between an emergency reaction which is proper (assaulting the snake as training and social show would recommend), and an emergency reaction which is masculine, that is permitting the snake opportunity to navigate the zone and leave in harmony. His sonnet figures out how to consolidate unpretentious perceptions of a short, strain filled show with the Insights of an ethical mastermind and author. Maybe what is generally upsetting about the sonnet Is not that Lawrence was Hesitant about what to do, yet that a toxic snake presents an Inimitable adversary, and that Lawrence for all his swagger was fortunate to have gotten away with the end that he acted too selfishly. D. H. LAWRENCE SNAKE Perhaps D. H. Lawrence (1885-1930) Is a misjudged essayist. This Is not to guarantee that the author has comprehended him effectively. After all It Is a design for any tersely of writing, and definitely the essayist Is not one, to guarantee that lone he/she has comprehended a writer effectively and all others have either misconstrued or halfway comprehended. D. H. Lawrence Is mineral known for his books than for his beautiful capacities. On the off chance that we feel that the incredible essayist was fixated on sex or his works were predominantly about sexuality, we will be mixed up. Almost certainly, D. H. Lawrence was very genuine about the subject of connection among genders and its effect on human life. A solid comprehension of the human sexuality is a genuine inquiry for a sound life. Be that as it may, humankind needed to pay a powerful education costs before it comprehended this reality. It required a Freud to disclose to it the hugeness, all things considered, The strict clerics imagined that humankind was improper till they name into the scene to lecture them profound quality, especially sexual ethical quality. However, this is a major point. Let me go to the primary inquiry. Snake is a sonnet composed by D. H. Lawrence racing to somewhere in the range of eighty lines. It is about his demonstration of assaulting a snake that was entering an opening after it took water in the water trough under a tree in his nursery and his quick sentiment of regret and self judgment for the fearful demonstration. This sonnet is tremendously discussed for its sexual pictures. It isn't the snake yet the creators derivation from the little scene that issues. What is the significance of drinking on a hot, hot day? It is a most common demonstration of human life. It is excellent. Be that as it may, the Voice of instruction tells in any case. It says that there are guiltless snakes and Venomous snakes and venomous snakes ought to be murdered. The grotesqueness is In human psyche and in the Voice of training and not In the sexual go about in that capacity. Am I befuddling? Let me attempt to make it understood. Try not to murder your sexuality, however design the equivalent as indicated by the social need. One need not feel regretful in view of ones sexual power which is organic in nature. However, mankind Is beset with this blame cognizance which doesn't bode well, unquestionably not In the sexual sense. This Is the basic subject of D. H. Lawrence Snake. Len the end the creator curses himself for having tossed that suck at the snake that was going into Its living space after It took water. Sheathed sonnet Snake, In the Reptiles area of D. H. Lawrence book Birds, Beasts, and Flowers subtleties an amazing couple of seconds when Lawrence Is gone up against by a snake at Lawrence water trough, In Terrain, Sicily. Uncertain about whether to assault it (for it is harmful) or whether to just appreciate it for its AAU , Lawrence at last leaves ten peruser at ten Ana AT ten sonnet mind n Nils feeling of unimportance at an endeavor to drive it away by tossing a pitcher at it as it withdraws down an opening in the divider. It is an acclaimed sonnet about three pages long that is unrushed, written in free section, and agent of innovator writing. It was first distributed in 1921 and most pundits concur that the experience among Lawrence and the snake really occurred.

The Center of Attention and Social Anxiety Disorder

The Center of Attention and Social Anxiety Disorder Social Anxiety Disorder Coping Print Overcoming a Fear of Being the Center of Attention When You Have SAD By Arlin Cuncic Arlin Cuncic, MA, is the author of Therapy in Focus: What to Expect from CBT for Social Anxiety Disorder and 7 Weeks to Reduce Anxiety. Learn about our editorial policy Arlin Cuncic Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on October 10, 2019 Social Anxiety Disorder Overview Symptoms & Diagnosis Causes Treatment Living With In Children Hero Images / Getty Images Fear of attention is common for those with social anxiety disorder (SAD).?? Although avoiding the limelight might feel like a good strategy to control your anxiety, in the long run, you are teaching yourself that you cant handle being in the spotlight. Using Exposure Therapy to Help Address a Fear of Being the Center of Attention In contrast, gradually introducing yourself into situations in which others are focused on you will help you to overcome your fears. This process is known as exposure therapy  and is usually one part of a cognitive-behavioral treatment program.?? You can also practice exposures on your own as part of a self-help regimen. The idea is to create a list of feared situations ranging from the least anxiety-provoking to the most anxiety-provoking. Slowly, you progress through the list, staying in each situation long enough so that your anxiety lessens and you overcome your fears.?? When practicing exposures, it is important not to use partial avoidance strategies or safety behaviors. An example of this would be telling someone your opinion but do it in such a quiet voice that you cant be heard. If you are going to engage in these situations, you need to fully experience the anxiety that arises and then subsides. In addition to practicing in real life, you can also try out situations in your imagination. This is a good way to get started and can have an impact on how you handle them in reality. Find Help With the 9 Best Online Therapy Programs Fear Hierarchy Related to Being the Center of Attention Below is a list of potential items for your fear hierarchy related to being the center of attention. Remember to tailor this list to your particular situation and make sure to order the items so that the easiest ones come first.?? Wear something flashy. Wear something that makes you stand out in a crowd.Spill your food. Instead of being afraid to shake and spill your food, do it on purpose.Knock something over in a store. Pretend to fumble and knock over a food display in a grocery store.Stumble over your words. Are you afraid to trip over your words? Do it on purpose and jumble what you are trying to say.Make a phone call in front of people. Instead of waiting to be alone to make a phone call, do it in front of other people.Talk loudly. When you make a phone call talk loud enough so that everyone in earshot can hear you.Offer your opinion about a hot topic. If everyone is discussing a movie or current event, offer your opinion to the group.Answer a question in class. If you are a student, put your hand up and offer an answer the next time your teacher asks the class a question.Participate in a sport. Take part in a sport that will require you to be the center of attention some of the time such as baseball, vo lleyball or horseshoes.Play a game. Play a party game or card game such as Trivial Pursuit or Euchre. Use the above list to create your own fear hierarchy for being the center of attention. If you find that your anxiety is severe or that you are unable to face these types of situations at all, you should consider contacting your doctor or a mental health professional for diagnosis and a treatment plan. Coping With Fear of Social Situations

Relationship Of Substance Abuse And Physical Abuse

Relationship of Substance Abuse and Physical Abuse in Preterm Birth In the year of 2010, more than 450 billion babies were born prematurely (Truong, Reifsnider, Mayorga, Spitler, 2013). At least 35% of infant deaths each year are caused from preterm births, which also costs the U.S health care more than 26 billions of dollars in the year of 2005 alone (Malloy, 2013).Premature birth affects the growth of the child and leads to various complications. Babies born before 37 weeks are at an amplified risk for an assortment of medical complications, such as respiratory, cardiac, neurological, and gastrointestinal problems and infections. The exact cause of premature birth is still unknown till this day, but many researchers found factors that contribute to premature deaths. According to Truong, Reifsnider, Mayorga and Spitler (2013) physical abuse and substance abuse are two of the most significant factors that play a role in premature birth. Causes of Preterm Birth The exact cause of preterm birth is not certain yet. A lot of mothers of premature babies feel terrible guilt and wonder many times what they did wrong and if they are to blame for their child being born too early. Babies are delivered before term for the baby’s safety, the mother’s safety or both. Many research studies provide evidence for risk factors for preterm birth such as substance abuse and physical abuse (Gauthier, 2015). Many studies are still being done on preterm birth with hope that in the next couple ofShow MoreRelatedSubstance Abuse And Its Effects On The United States1050 Words   |  5 Pagescentury is when the active substances in drugs were found. Many of these substances were given over the counter and weren t regulated, which meant that people could easily obtain substances such as morphine, cocaine, landuam, and many others. During the early 1900s, an estimate of about 250,000 people were abusing a substance within the United States. 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It has been the leading cause for generational breakdowns of families and communities, and is probably the most controversial social problem when developing corrective solutions. Substance abuse can be defined as the chemical dependence, or pattern of usage of both legal and illegal substances, that has adverse physical, psychological, and psychomotor effects on the human body. The use of substances does not alwaysRead MoreThe Effects Of Substance Abuse On A Person s Life Essay1528 Words   |  7 Pagesknow people who have used or been around substances during their lifetime. We can even categorize these people as the person who is having a good time at a party, or the person who is a drunk and or drug dealer. It also doesn’t come as a shock to us when we find out these people taking the substances too far are now in rehab. But what distinguishes this fine line between the person socializing at a party to the person withdrawing in rehab? As certain substances are generally known to create an addiction

The Merchant Of Cool By Barak Goodman And Rachel Dretzin

â€Å"The merchant of cool† is 2001’s special documentary of PBS frontline on culture and mass media, which was produced by â€Å"Barak Goodman and Rachel Dretzin†. This documentary explores the heavily dependence of youth on the mass media. This documentary is about the selling and buying of cool. In America mostly consumers of cool are teenagers. In a certain year, hundred billion dollars of their own money spend by the teen agers. While teens influence their parents and fifty billion dollars were additional spend by them. Film studies revealed that, there is relationship among mass media, who frequently sales cool and teenagers. Throughout the film this relationship discussed. Some people affirms that desires and wants of teens expressed by the media. On the other hand, some people believed that, to earn profit, media has created a cool market. Conclusion of this film revealed that many people believed that media and teenagers are in a loop of feedback. It is believed that purpose of this feedback loop has to blend the teen culture and real culture. By blending these two cultures to make a new single culture. No one can determine that which culture will be more influenced. Conglomerates like Viacom, Walt Disney, Vivendi Universal, News Corp and AOL Time Warner, these are some media giants. These media giants own these products and often sold these products to the teenagers. Marketing methods of different companies were studied and researched from these conglomerates throughout this

Evidence For Prescribing Fluoride Varnishes Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

string(59) " distribution and hence lend themselves to this prejudice\." Dental cavities is one of the most common disease processes across all populations throughout the universe and a cardinal factor in dental hurting and tooth loss. Caries is a procedure that can happen on any tooth surface in the oral cavity where alveolar consonant plaque is able to develop over clip. Bing a biofilm, plaque contains many different microorganisms that work together and are continually active. We will write a custom essay sample on Evidence For Prescribing Fluoride Varnishes Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Some of these bacteriums are able to ferment soluble saccharides to bring forth acids, ensuing in a bead in sourness below pH 5 and hence doing demineralization of the enamel surface. Acid is neutralized by spit and the demineralization procedure halted, as the pH rises, mineral may be regained and remineralisation can happen. If the cumulative consequence of these procedures is a net loss in mineral, a carious lesion will be observed. The carious procedure is hence natural and can non be prevented nevertheless with suited intercession, the patterned advance into a seeable lesion can be avoided1. The bar of cavities is considered more cost-efficient than intervention and is hence considered a priority2. Fluoride varnishes since the 1960 ‘s have been clinically utilized for this reason17,18. Application of concentrated fluoride varnishes to tooth surfaces consequences in the formation of Ca fluoride. As the sourness of the environment additions, a greater sum of enamel disintegration occurs and hence an copiousness of ionic Ca allows for a considerable sum of Ca fluoride formation. Significant precipitation of spherical globules of Ca fluoride in dental plaque and unaccessible countries is of great benefit leting for important remineralisation due to the high concentration of free ionic Ca available3. Fluoride besides has a direct consequence on bacterial metamorphosis ( see appendix 4, table 1 for details16 ) . Method Of the three surveies reviewed, one was carried out in Sweden4, one in Florida5 and one in San Francisco6. In these trials,1375 participants were studied runing from ?1.8 to 16 old ages old and followed for periods between 9 months and 3 old ages. Each survey had a specific purposes, one focused on a school based fluoride varnish programme and the patterned advance and incidence of approximal cavities from high, medium and low socio-economic backgrounds4. Another concerned the efficaciousness of fluoride varnish in add-on to reding in the bar of early childhood caries6, whilst the concluding survey evaluated the consequence of fluoride varnish on enamel cavities patterned advance in the primary dentition5. The chief features of each survey and their consequences are displayed in Appendices 14, 25 and 36. Randomization was used to delegate participants into each of the groups in all tests and one study6 outlined the allotment technique used. Two surveies were individual blind4,5 where the tooth doctor was incognizant of the group allotments and one was conducted as a dual blind trial6. All surveies used Duraphat ( 5 % Sodium Fluoride 22,600 F-ppm ) with two studies5,6 using varnish to all tooth surfaces and the 3rd study4 using varnish merely to approximal surfaces from the distal surface of the eyetooths to the mesial surface of the 2nd grinders. Two surveies stated the sum of fluoride varnish to be used ; 0.1ml per arch6 and ?0.3ml in total4. Examination techniques differed amongst the three selected surveies. One conducted a ocular scrutiny three times6, another conducted four overall bitewing radiogram at baseline and after the trial4. The 3rd conducted both radiographic bitewings and a ocular scrutiny besides at baseline and following the test, explicitly discoursing the method6. All experiments experienced a loss of participants to some grade. Weintraub et al.6 concluded 67 % of participants enrolled at baseline saw the survey through, the test conducted by Autio-Gold et al.5 retained 81 % of initial participants. In the concluding experiment by Sk A ; ouml ; ld et al.4, 89 % of topics completed the test. Ultimately, all surveies agreed fluoride varnish is of significance in forestalling caries4,5,6 and may be effectual in change by reversaling cavity and crevice enamel lesions5. Findingss were assessed in footings of statistical significance and all three4,5,6 gave P values. Differences in measuring lesions clinically can be seen. Sk A ; ouml ; l et al.4 used a self-devised numbered marking system to find cavities incidence and patterned advance of carious lesions. Weintraub et al.6 used the NIDCR diagnostic standards for dental caries7 for the appraisal of cavitated, decayed and filled surfaces on primary dentitions and auxiliary criteria8 to name pre-cavitated lesions. Finally Autio-gold et al.5 utilised a marking system9 which differentiates between active and inactive enamel carious lesions. Discussion Although all surveies statistically support the usage of fluoride varnish in the bar of cavities, the methodological analysis of each demand to be considered before any decisions can be drawn. Double blind randomized control tests are considered the ‘gold criterion ‘ in footings of survey design10 and minimise prejudice. In all of these tests, the tooth doctors were incognizant of patient allocated groups nevertheless in two4,5, the participants were cognizant. This could hold led to bias in those surveies as cognizing they were portion of a test with regular follow up periods, patients may hold been more self-aware with respect to their unwritten wellness and hence take more preventive steps compared to groups with fewer visits. Overall this consequence may give the feeling that a more frequent application of varnish reduces cavities incidence. Sample size demands to be taken into history as a larger cohort will give a more accurate representation of the population, doing Sk A ; ouml ; l et al.4 the most representative of the three tests. Gender was reasonably every bit distributed in both varnish and hazard groups. This is of significance as it has been shown that females are by and large more compliant than males11 and therefore are more likely to brush on a regular basis, maintaining to the survey design. Bias in this illustration is hence reduced as females are every bit distributed across all groups. Weintraub6 and Autio-Gold5 did non advert gender distribution and hence lend themselves to this prejudice. You read "Evidence For Prescribing Fluoride Varnishes Health And Social Care Essay" in category "Essay examples" When sing the clip period in which tests are conducted, a greater clip graduated table allows for a more comprehensive result. Potential side effects of fluoride varnish are more likely to go evident and its anti cavities consequence can be reviewed for any possible alterations as there may be a critical period for which it has consequence. Again, Sk A ; ouml ; l et al.4 conducted the longest test at 3 old ages and hence in footings of clip period, have the most accurate consequences for effects of fluoride and its side effects, of which they found none. Weintraub et al.6 besides used a sensible clip period and would demo any side-effects or critical periods for fluoride applications, merely one kid in the group having fluoride four times a twelvemonth developed an ulcer on their cheek which had resolved at the following followup. There is no grounds to back up unwritten ulcerations as a consequence of fluoride varnish application. The test conducted Autio-Gold5 was over a shorter p eriod and hence compared to Weintraub6 and Sk A ; ouml ; l4, can non be as conclusive in critical periods of application and side effects. Follow up periods are of relevancy as changing frequences of application can be assessed for effectivity. Sk A ; ouml ; l et al.4 utilised the greatest figure of groups with the most differing frequences to set up the most effectual intervals. The method in which fluoride varnish was applied varied and one specific survey, Autio-Gold5, failed to stipulate whether application on all tooth surfaces at the 2nd follow up occurred, as at the baseline. Besides the sum of fluoride varnish applied is non stated as in the two other studies4,6. Therefore the survey can potentially be classified as inconsistent and cogency of the consequences questionable. Application of the varnish was conducted in similar ways across all three tests nevertheless Weintraub et al.6 used ?66 % of the fluoride varnish than Sk A ; ouml ; l et al.4 and it must be considered that a higher dose of fluoride may hold a greater preventive consequence. The locations in which the surveies took topographic point differ. Sk A ; ouml ; l et al.4 conducted their probe in Sweden where H2O is fluoridated. Socio-economic position is associated with unwritten health12 and in this survey, the low hazard group had a high socio-economic position. The extra factor nevertheless, is that the location of this group is besides in an country of H2O fluoridization ten times higher than that of the medium or low hazard groups. It has been shown that fluoridization reduces cavities incidence13 intending these participants technically received an increased dose and therefore may hold influenced the consequences to demo a decreased effectivity of fluoride varnish. In the other two studies5,6 this variable was controlled and Weintraub et al.6 ensured participants resided in the country for at least 2 old ages. Age of participants is of importance as striplings in the Sk A ; ouml ; l et al.4 survey are responsible for their ain unwritten hygiene and it has been shown that 25 % of 14-year-olds do non on a regular basis brush their teeth14,15. Consequences can hence be influenced in this test. If ?25 % participants did non brush on a regular basis, theoretically it would do increased cavities incidence in these people compared to the other 75 % of the cohort and finally give the feeling fluoride varnish has a lesser consequence than in world. Autio-Gold5 and Weintraub6 used primary5 and pre-school6 kids where parents and defenders are more likely to conform to the survey design and better the cogency of the consequences. Consequences were based on the findings of the testers therefore their determinations are important. Autio-Gold5 and Weintraub6 both calibrated testers nevertheless Sk A ; ouml ; l et al.4 did non advert any dependability apart from re-examining radiogram after 2 months, the consequences of which, are non published. There is hence a possibility of inaccuracy in cavities diagnosing at each follow up, which would give either a greater or lesser perceived fluoride consequence depending on tester tolerance. Caries diagnosing methods vary, ideally a radiographic and ocular scrutiny should be conducted as white topographic point lesions and early cavities can non be seen radiographically, the attack taken by Autio-Gold et al.5. Weintraub et al.6 used merely ocular scrutinies and hence, although improbable, potentially leting for non-cavitated lesions to be missed. Sk A ; ouml ; l et al.4 took merely radiographs nevertheless this was appropriate as approximal cavities can be merely be see n in this manner. Deviations in protocol can be seen in two surveies. In Sk A ; ouml ; l et Al. ‘s4 test, all groups received an extra application of fluoride every one-year visit including the control group. Realistically the control group hence received intercession and perchance affected the consequences. Weintraub et al.6 experienced a more terrible divergence. For 10 months, participants received a placebo varnish alternatively of the active merchandise and merely one kid received all four planned applications. Besides 21 applications could non be confirmed as active and were assumed placebo. This may hold given the feeling of a greater good consequence of fluoride varnish if the placebo was active. Any long term positive or negative effects can therefore non be concluded with every bit much assurance as the other two trials4,5 as there was a interruption in the application of active merchandise. A Cochrane systematic review19 determined that on norm, fluoride varnish reduced cavities in the deciduous teething by 33 % and by 46 % in the lasting teething. Decision In decision, holding considered the grounds base for the usage of fluoride varnish and evaluated the advantages and disadvantages of all mentioned surveies and their restrictions, fluoride varnish is an effectual method in commanding cavities incidence and patterned advance. Recommendations Fluoride varnish should be indicated in all kids and striplings. Adults with a high cavities hazard should besides be considered, such as those with particular demands, dry mouth or active carious lesions. Children and striplings should have application biannually and grownups with carious lesions or particular demands should hold varnish applied between two and four times yearly. No common or serious inauspicious effects have been reported in any surveies. As a safeguard fluoride varnish is contraindicated in terrible asthmatics, ulcerative gingivitis and stomatitis. Besides allergy to seal components is an obvious contraindication. Mentions Kidd EAM. Introduction. In: Kidd EAM editor. Necessities of Dental Caries. 3rd erectile dysfunction. New York: Oxford University Press Inc. ; 2005. p. 2-19. Burt BA. Prevention policies in the visible radiation of the changed distribution of dental cavities. Acta Odontologica Scandinavia 1998 ; 56:179-86. Fejerskov O, Kidd EAM. Chemical interactions between the tooth and unwritten fluids. In: 10 Cate JM, Larsen MJ, Pearce EIF, Ferjerskov O, editors. Dental cavities: the disease and its clinical direction. Oxford: Blackwell Munksgaard ; 2003. p. 49-69. Sk A ; ouml ; ld UM, Petersson LG, Lith A, Birkhed D. Effect of school-based fluoride varnish programmes on approximal cavities in striplings from different cavities risk countries. Caries Res. 2005 ; 39:273-9. Autio-Gold JT, Courts F. Assessing the consequence of fluoride varnish on early enamel carious lesions in the primary teething. JADA. 2001 Sept ; 132:1247-1253. Weintraub JA, Ramos-Gomez F, Shain JS, Hoover CI, Featherstone JDB, Gansky SA. Fluoride varnish efficaciousness in forestalling early childhood cavities. J Dent Res. 2006 Feb ; 85 ( 2 ) :172-6. USDHHS, PHS, NIH, NIDR. Oral wellness studies of the National Institute of Dental Research: diagnostic standards and processs. NIH Publication No 91-2870. Bethesda, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, NIH: 1991. Drury TF, Horowitz AM, Ismail AI, Maertens MP, Rozier RG, Selwitz RH. Diagnosing and describing early childhood cavities for research intents. J Public Health Dent 1999 ; 59:192-7. Nyvad B, Fejerskov O. Assessing the phase of cavities lesion activity on the footing of clinical and microbiological scrutiny. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 1997 ; 25:69-75. Concato J, N Shah, RI Horwitz. Randomized, controlled tests, experimental surveies, and the hierarchy of research designs. N Engl J Med. 2000 ; 342:1887-92. Kuczynski L, Kochanska G, Radke-Yarrow M, Girnius-Brown O. A developmental reading of immature kids ‘s disobedience. Developmental Psychology. 1987 ; 23,799. Bolin AK, Bolin A, Jansson L, Calltorp J. Children ‘s dental wellness in Europe. Sociodemographic factors associated with dental cavities in groups of 5 and 12-year-old kids from eight EU-countries. Swed Dent J 1997 ; 21:25-40. Brunelle JA, Carlos JP. Recent trends in dental cavities in U.S. kids and the consequence of H2O fluoridization. J Dent Res.1990 Feb ; 69 ( Particular Issue ) :723-7 Klock B, Emilson CG, Lind SO, Gustavsdotter M, Olhede-Westerlund AM. Prediction of cavities activity in kids with today ‘s low cavities incidence. Community Dental Oral Epidemiol. 1989 ; 17:285-8. Koivusilta L, Honkala S, Honkala E, Rimpel A ; auml ; A. Toothbrushing as portion of the striplings lifestyle predicts education degree. J Dent Res. 2003 ; 82:361-6. Marsh PD. Effect of fluorides on bacterial metamorphosis. In: Bowen WH, editor. Relative efficaciousness of Na fluoride and Na monofluorophosphatae as anti-caries agents in detrifices. London: Royal Society of Medicine Press Limited ; 1995. Bawden JW. Fluoride varnish: a utile new tool for public wellness dental medicine. J Public Health Dent. 1998 ; 58:266-9. Beltran-Aguilar ED, Goldstein JW, Lockwood SA. Fluoride varnishes: a reappraisal of their clinical usage, cariostatic mechanism, efficaciousness and safety. J Am Dent Assoc. 2000 ; 131:589-96. Marinho VCC, Higgins JPT, Logan S, Sheiham A. Fluoride varnishes for forestalling dental cavities in kids and striplings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002 ; 3: CD002279. Appendix 1 Sk A ; ouml ; ld 20054: Methods Randomised control test, individual blind to dentist. 11 % bead out after 3 old ages. Reasons for bead out include traveling off from country and non go toing all Sessionss. Overall 96 losingss. Participants 758 participants analysed at 3 old ages ( concluding scrutiny ) Average age at get downing: 13 old ages Exposure to other fluoride: H2O, toothpaste, varnish at annually check-up Year survey began: 1998 Location: Sverige Interventions Fluoride varnish Duraphat ( 22,600 ppm F- ) ( 3 groups ) vs. control group: Group 1: F- varnish 2x yearly at 6 month intervals Group 2: F- varnish 3x yearly within one hebdomad Group 3: F- varnish 8x yearly with 1 month intervals Control group: No intercession Teeth cleaned with toothbrush without toothpaste and interproximally cleaned utilizing dental floss Applied ?0.3ml with syringe on all approximal surfaces from distal of eyetooth to mesial of 2nd grinder. Results Prevented fraction in per centum in the different cavities risk countries and all countries together ( Table 3 ) 4 Areas Group 1 Group 2 Group 3 All countries 57 % 47 % 76 % Low hazard 20 % 68 % 50 % Medium hazard 66 % 31 % 83 % High hazard 69 % 54 % 82 % Notes Participants randomised ( n=854 ) All groups including control exposed to fluoride at one-year cheque up Figures and tabular arraies demoing consequences from Sk A ; ouml ; ld et al.4 Appendix 2 Autio-Gold 20015: Methods Randomised control test, individual blind to dentist. 19 % bead out rate after 9 months. Due to backdown of school programme, traveling from country, refusal to go on and six topics necessitating renewing intervention instantly after survey began. Overall 35 losingss. Participants 148 participants analysed at 9 months ( concluding scrutiny ) Average age at get downing: 3 to 5 old ages Exposure to other fluoride: H2O Year survey began: Not stated Location: Florida, USA Interventions Fluoride varnish Duraphat ( 22,600 ppm F- ) Varnish group: 2x over 9 months, one time at baseline and one time after 4 months Control group: No intercession In dental clinic, dried dentition with tight air and applied varnish with little coppice to all tooth surfaces. In school dentitions dried with unfertile cotton sponges and varnish applied to all tooth surfaces with coppice. Result Change in carious activity between varnish and control group Group No alteration ( i.e. still active ) Inactive lesions ( i.e. no longer active ) Varnish 8.2 % 81.2 % Control 36.9 % 37.8 % Notes Participants randomised ( n=183 ) Does non province whether or non varnish was applied to all surfaces during the 2nd visit in varnish group. Besides how much varnish applied in both visits. Figures and tabular arraies demoing consequences from Autio-Gold et al.5: Appendix 3 Weintraub 20066: Methods Randomised controlled dual blind test. 33 % bead out rate after 2 old ages. 51 discontinued from survey due to cavities. Participants 202 participants analysed at 2 old ages ( concluding scrutiny ) Average age at get downing: 1.8 old ages Exposure to other fluoride: H2O Year survey began: 2002 Location: San Francisco, USA Interventions Fluoride varnish Duraphat ( 22,600 ppm F- ) Group 1: F- varnish 4x over 2 old ages ( baseline, 6, 12 and 18 months ) Group 2: F- varnish 2x over 2 old ages ( baseline and 12 months ) Control group: Parental guidance All groups received parental guidance. 0.1ml applied per arch. Dried with gauze and varnish brushed onto all surfaces of all dentitions. For control group, teeth dried and gauze folded dry surface brushed onto dentitions and therefore health professionals unaware of groups. Results Cavities activity across the three groups: No cavities Cavities Group 1 67 3 Group 2 59 10 Control 48 15 Notes Participants randomised utilizing computing machine generated random assignment ( n=384 ) . 75 % kids intended to have two applications merely received one ; 15 % received two. 49 % kids intended to have four applications merely received two. One kid received four applications. For five hebdomads, 21 varnish applications could non be confirmed as active – assumed placebo. Figures and tabular arraies demoing consequences from Weintraub et al.6: How to cite Evidence For Prescribing Fluoride Varnishes Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Conflict And Negotiation Organizational Foundations - Click On Sample

Question: Describe about the Conflict and Negotiation for Organizational Foundation. Answer: Important changes in the healthcare market, and the implications for Becton Dickinson (BD) and its BDVS division Healthcare market is always in the urge of changing or upgrading its techniques to make the life easy for any kind of analysis like testing, collection of samples, their preservation and transportation. In todays generation varieties of vacutainers for blood collection, liquid sample collection using swabs, needles, syringes etc. including various pharmaceutical products and diabetic products have also been upgraded. The changes are also seen in medical, microbiological, industrial sciences and other non-medical care products (Burns, 2014). Because of this development there are many companies emerging with their own products and few implications are to be faced by Becton Dickinson and its division as it was the leading company in providing all the medical related stuff to any organization, hospital, laboratories etc. the companies started compromising for the money and using the products available for lower price than the BD company. They even compromised with the quality of medical care products. By doing so the BD Company has faced a crash in all its shares around 20% and other companies are profited more than 20% (Brett, 2013). It eventually had to make different products from other companies and promote it through sales by investing huge amounts to regain its place in the market. Importance of the APG contract for BDVS, things that are at stake for BDVS winning or losing the contract APG stands for Affiliated Purchasing Group which is an organization based centrally and many shareholders are included under this group (Booth et al., 2016). This programs main motto is to supply quality products at lowest price and they believe In Unity, there is strength. They offered their services by making agreement with many medical equipment suppliers. So it is eventually necessary for the BDVS division to win the contract and make a fair agreement to make themselves and their products sustainable in the market. There were few negotiations faced by BDVS division from APG for lowering the price of products in purchasing of needles and tubes. Meanwhile APG has acquired agreement with Terumo (Caputo Ayoko, 2016). But BDVS in the meantime started promoting their sales and hence could withstand in the market in those hospitals which were APGs affiliated. Later BDVS sales in terms of venous blood collection tubes have increased by getting contract from the APG. If contract was not retained then to sustain their business in the market was a big question mark (Booth et al., 2016). Importance of each aspect of the negotiations (pricing, brand name, and delivery terms) for each party explicitly and implicitly involved (APG, its member hospitals, BDVS, BDVS distributors, and competing suppliers) Becton Dickinson was a leading company in healthcare products since ancient times as it has retained its brand name by maintaining quality and by providing advance medical products for all the required fields at the cost effective range. The sales team of BD is quite smart in getting the business to the company (Booth et al., 2016). They acted wisely before APG could hold back their business and drop their shares. Because of the brand name and pricing they made their way to individual hospitals and fixed the negotiations for which the APG has to come down and make the contract with the BDVS division. A big deal was made by the BDVS division after management announced a new scheme of blood collecting products in the APG affiliated hospitals (Brett, 2013). As per the analysis things that BDVS should do According to my views, the BDVS has always taken the right path of keeping their business in market. It has chosen the option of promoting their products in the various fields which is the best idea to be considered for. But since it already has its brand name it could easily get its position back in the market (Booth et al., 2016). Because in these days the quality and the advanced technology rated companies are given prior importance. So though if BDVS was not included under the APG group it would have made its market because the competitors are not well organized with their products but it would have taken sometime. But finally it has proved its brand name by making APG to know their business abilities. References Burns, J. S. J. (2014). Conflict and Negotiation.Organizational Leadership: Foundations and Practices for Christians, 171. Brett, J. M. (2013). Culture and Negotiation: Three Models. Booth, A., Crouter, A. C., Clements, M. L., Boone-Holladay, T. (Eds.). (2016).Couples in Conflict: Classic Edition. Routledge. Caputo, A., Ayoko, O. B. (2016). The role of cultural intelligence in negotiation and conflict management: a conceptual model.

Music And Censorship Essays - Counterculture Of The 1960s

Music And Censorship In our society today, some musicians and their music drain and plague the moral and spiritual well-being of the people; therefore, censorship offers a necessary action that we must take to keep the world from becoming a land of decadence. The musicians lives are not examples for the children or the adults. The lyrics of many songs are not suitable for anyone. All types of music need some kind of censorship. Censorship makes a person realize that music is good for the heart. Censorship totally makes people act better, and when thinking better, this sustains a better society. The lives of some musicians contain types of anarchy and self-gratification. Once the musicians realize that people want not just their music but them as well, they act as gods, which no one can touch. For example, think of it like a secret dictatorship, and we breathe as a fascist society, which puts fun and feelings above the Lord, above all. Many of the musicians consist of non-religious people who live only for fun and only for themselves. Why then would we, especially as Christians, put our total devotion in them? It exists like wanting to ride with a blind driver rather than one with perfect vision. In addition many of the musicians use drugs and stimulants to satisfy their hunger for themselves and for pure fun. The musicians tend to use drugs massively, to get out of the very real world that they consist so much a part of. Popularity seems pleasing but when one has the affections and total devotion of a mass of people, that person can not handle it because that person does not have Jesus' personality and only He could truly control that much fidelity. One person who truly could not handle the excitement was Jimi Hendrix(Appendix A). Instead of performing as himself and using his talent for good, he used rebellion and used many drugs. On stage, Jimi Hendrix would put hits of acid in his headband. When he perspired, the sweat, containing acid would run down into his eyes and make him "higher than a kite." Most people never actually saw Jimi Hendrix the person, but a blurred vision of him. When Jimi performed on stage at Woodstock(Appendix B and C), a man from the crowd asked him, "Jimi are you high?" He simply replied back to the man, "Thanks man I got mine," causing the crowd to act wild almost as if he had saved someone's life, but ironically he unintentionally destroyed their lives. In addition Bob Dylan(Appendix D and E) also talked about getting stoned in some of his music. The song "Rainy Day Woman #12 and #13," blatantly says that "everybody must get stoned." That tells people to disobey the law and tells people to mangle the temple of God, our bodies by perverting it with drugs and stimulants. Many musicians make a mockery of their fans. The lead singers subsist to do this the most because of the vocal opportunities they have to express their discontent with life and thrust their ideas upon those who hypnotize with the musician's power position, thus, makes the listeners obey their thoughts without fully knowing. The lead singer Billie Jo, for Green Day, says to his fans, " I'm not going to say anything f****** intelligent, I'm just going too swear a whole d*** lot." The Bible tells us that we should let everything that comes out of our mouth praise Him, and swearing for any reason doesn't really praise Him at all and is degrading for us as well. Almost like if he did not swear than we wouldn't like him or understand him. In addition the lead singer for Kiss would spit on his fans. He would get the crowd to spit in a spittoon-type container, and by the end of the concert, he would drink the saliva and then he would use what dwelled left in the spittoon to spit on the crowd. This creates a bad influence on anybody and makes a person believe that it justifies him to do these actions because he dwells on stage, which totally in fact creates wrong, and not right. The band would also wear face paint and look like demons of some sort. This displays a mockery of what God has given us, and it hides their true identities and make them something they are not. They are only human, trying to be a type of some sort of god, not the God. The lyrics of some

Running Delphi Applications With Parameters

Running Delphi Applications With Parameters Though it was much more common in the days of DOS, modern operating systems also let you run command line parameters against an application so that you can specify what the application should do. The same is true for your Delphi application, whether it be for a console application or one with a GUI. You can pass a parameter from Command Prompt in Windows or from the development environment in Delphi, under the Run Parameters menu option. For this tutorial, well be using the parameters dialog box to pass command line arguments to an application so that itll be as if were running it from Windows Explorer. ParamCount and ParamStr() The ParamCount function returns the number of parameters passed to the program on the command line, and ParamStr returns a specified parameter from the command line. The OnActivate event handler of the main form is usually where the parameters are available. When the application is running, its there that they can be retrieved. Note that in a program, the CmdLine variable contains a string with command line arguments specified when the application was started. You can use CmdLine to access the entire parameter string passed to an application. Sample Application Start up a new project and place a Button component on Form. In the buttons OnClick event handler, write the following code: procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject) ;begin ShowMessage(ParamStr(0)) ; end; When you run the program and click the button, a message box appears with the path and file name of the executing program. You can see that ParamStr works even if you havent passed any parameters to the application; this is because the array value 0 stores the file name of the executable application, including path information. Choose Parameters from the Run menu, and then add Delphi Programming to the drop-down list. Note: Remember that when you pass parameters to your application, separate them with spaces or tabs. Use double quotes to wrap multiple words as one parameter, like when using long file names that contain spaces. The next step is to loop through the parameters using ParamCount() to get the value of the parameters using ParamStr(i). Change the buttons OnClick event handler to this: procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject) ;var j:integer; beginfor j : 1 to ParamCount do ShowMessage(ParamStr(j)) ; end; When you run the program and click the button, a message appears that reads Delphi (first parameter) and Programming (second parameter).

Discourse Analysis on a Movie Scene Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Discourse Analysis on a Movie Scene - Essay Example In this scene we meet Billy Beane asking â€Å"guys your still trying to replace Giambi. I told you we can’t do it. We can’t do it. Now what we might be able to do is recreate him. We create him in the adding field.† The situation is the Oakland Athletic offices during a roundtable meeting between him and a group of scouts. Billy, the speaker of this word, is chairing a meeting that is deliberating on the way forward for the team after losing some of its best players to other teams while still brainstorming on what to do to counter any adverse effects on their performance that might be prompted by the shoestring budget that they have been allocated. The conversation and particularly the grammatical moods in this scene undergo a number of changes. A good example of this can be seen in this particular point of the conversation; Billy: Giambi's on-base percentage was .477.Damon's was .324. And Olmeda's was .291. Add that up and you get (He points to Peter.) Peter: Y ou want me to speak? Billy: When I point at you, yes. Peter: Ten-nine Billy: Divided by three- Peter: Three-sixty-four. Billy: That's what we're looking for. And that's what we'll find. Three players whose average OBP is - Peter: Three-sixty-four. ... planation on how sabermetrics works in identifying new players appears very casual because according to him question on the same appears more or less like distraction, which is just an extension of the authority that he apply in his speech. Also, notice how the coherence and the flow of the discourse structure flows in this particular section. In fact, was it not for the unity of schema between the speakers, conversation breakdown would have been inevitable (Collins, 23). However, as the conversation progresses we see him adapting a more positive politeness which is probably due to both his scant understanding of its working and also his own uncertainty on its effectiveness (Lewis, 16). In this regard we have Billy speaking to the scouts in a manner that suggests that they have nothing to lose even if the strategy fails to deliver expected results. This does not however dampen the scouts from raising a multitude of objections all of which are informed by very valid issues in the whol e strategy, which explain why his calm and cool discourse begins showing signs of wearing out (Brown & Yule 41). Just have a careful look at this change of tone and attitude in this piece; He puts the first strip up. It reads: JEREMY GIAMBI Billy: Jason's little brother Jeremy. Keough: Oh, god. Billy that’s trouble Poloni: Billy, if I may, he's had his problems on the field -- not to mention his problems off the field -- not to mention he's getting a little thick around the middle -- there's the stuff with the weed. He's at strip joints†¦ Billy: His on-base percentage is all we're looking at now and he gets on base an awful lot for someone who only costs $285,000 a year. (Money Ball, DVD) In this particular section Billy also come out as a smarts and intelligent person especially when

Investors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Investors - Essay Example Monetary policy, in the broadest sense, includes all the tools enforced by the government to control the quantity of money in the economy. The quantity of money or the supply of money then affects the overall price level, exchange and interest rates, unemployment rate, and level of output. According to the Case and Fair (2007), U.S. monetary policy is formally set by the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), which sets goals concerning the money supply and interest rates as it directs the Open Market Desk in the New York Federal Reserve Bank to buy and/or sell government securities or debt and equity instruments. The capital market then is a market for securities where the government can raise long-term funds to finance its own projects usually regulated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) to protect investors mainly against fraud. To give a quick summary of how monetary supply directly affects output or income, assume that there is an excess supply of money in the market. This will lead households, firms and buy bonds with their extra money so that it earns interest. This however will put downward pressure on the interest rate because many people will be investing their money in interest earning instruments. Investors, on the other hand, borrow money from the banks with the very same interest rate that households and firms determine. A low interest rate means more incentive for investors to borrow and put up their own businesses using their low-interest borrowings from banks. This, in conclusion, increases output and, in the long-run, stimulates output growth. According to Mankiw (2007), in recent years, the Fed has used the federal funds rate as its short-term policy instrument and when the FOMC meets every six weeks to set its monetary policy, it votes on a target for its interest rate and then directs the Fed Bond traders in New

The Controversial Topic Of Alcohol Advertisement

The Controversial Topic Of Alcohol Advertisement Do you know today the death number due to alcohol consumption in United Kingdom is 33,000 every year!(drinkaware.co.uk)And most of the blame goes to Alcohol advertisement, which has been always a controversial topic to discuss, some says it`s very much responsible for encouraging drinking and some says drinking is personal choice, but here it`s not the matter of does it encourage drinking or not, but is alcohol industry playing the role of being social responsible and following the ethics which people deserve to get? Alcohol advertisement has wipe out half of the advertisement industry, because alcohol is culturally welcomed and is on the tip of the tastes for people which also has its bad impression due to irresponsible and excessive drinking which turns out to be social shock, and has created adverse health and social consequences, sometimes to be long or short period. But here the basic concern is youth, who are the prime victim of alcohol and this tendency of alcohol consumption is key problem of every country today, but is alcohol advertisement are to be blamed for not being socially responsible and ethical? Today UK is has more strict voluntary codes for alcohol advertisement so that the boundary can be set up. However even after the strict voluntary codes are regulated for alcohol advertisement; the marketing and advertisement is blamed for this social shock, or alcohol industry is playing the positivity in the field of social responsibility, it`s very much important to understand where is the problem? Can we blame alcohol advertisement to encourage drinking or it is influence of culture and personal choice people make. With the use of qualitative and quantitative approach I have tried to reach the objective of my research. My research will discuss does alcohol advertisement is responsible enough to follows voluntary codes formulated and proving themselves socially and ethically responsible? And another important blame needed to be sorted out, is alcohol advertisement the right criteria to blame for encouraging drinking? What general of UK opinion about the fact of encouragement of alcohol consumption through advertisement? And what experts think about the issue? CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION: What is alcohol advertisement? Does that really deserve and answer, because controversial topics like that do not need an introduction but discussion! They are never out of discussion. Today some facts about alcohol advertisement said by an expert that every year alcohol industry spends 600 to 800 million pounds on advertising and promoting it products, professor Gerard Hastings OBE Director institute of social media When I heard alcohol advertisement! My first reaction towards it was challenging and soon I knew it was. The reason behind choosing a topic like this was practically exploring my knowledge in the field of marketing which will also allow myself to understand the real meaning of social responsibility and ethics, till now I have just read and heard them but I really doesnt know if they exist? This is the first time in my life I am doing something which I lead to anywhere and any direction and since the alcohol advertisement is the issue then it brings interest with it. UK does allow the allow alcohol advertisement with some limitation which are regulated in form of voluntary codes, where as in India the alcohol advertisement are totally restricted, and this gave me chance to explore alcohol advertisement and have a close look. My supervisor was a real inspiration as she knew that this issue will enlarge my knowledge of marketing and also the responsibility and ethics it holds within its elf. Billions of pounds are fritter on alcohol advertisement but in response of billions how much effort is put socially and ethically? Alcohol advertisement is always controversial and debatable topic and so people do have right to understand and being part of something like alcohol which has always showed them trouble, does alcohol industry follows all the voluntary codes stated for alcohol advertisement, is alcohol industry paying enough attention to the social responsibility come with promoting alcohol or they are still into earning shares and profit. Some people say its alcohol behind encouragement of alcohol consumption and some think is personal decision but if we look the both point of view if alcohol advertisement are made according to the voluntary codes set up then still the encouragement of drinking will be blamed on advertisement. But today even after strict voluntary codes and regulation it seems to be high drinking rate. So whom to blame alcohol advertisements or culture an d self desire of people? My research in this paper holds the two important questions which are really needed to be answered before things get out of our hands, firstly is alcohol advertisement socially and ethically responsible? And is alcohol advertisement right factor to blame for encouraging consumption of alcohol? UK has culture and beliefs which has high rate in alcohol consumption, the primary reasons behind alcohol is the effects which it gives; is increasing the high risk on health of people and giving birth to social problems like abusing , accidents, sexual harassments. And the more importantly the youth whose roots are being habitat by alcohol; it could be underage drinking consumption or over dose of alcohol consumption. So my research will focus on alcohol advertisement, but with limited issues covered in. one reason behind alcohol advertisement is that its ingredient of marketing, and marketing creates want in people, it give birth to desire, which doesnt specified wit h one product but all and since here alcohol is the product which has most of the time negative impact. Despite the fact marketing has connects world together and showed the reality of every entity present on this earth but it has given variety of reason of being dishonest. The function and practice of marketing has been criticised because it is claimed that it deliberately creates partial truths about products and services and exploits the fears and weaknesses of fellow human beings. Peter Drunker. Who should be really blamed? No one knows but thousand of researchers, experts, medical organizations, social worker have worked hard enough to reach to a point, however everyone has different way to look at the issue. To understand this issue there thousand of research and survey taken place with money spend but no one still knows what else could be done to stop this destroying of the generation who could not understand the responsible drinking and keeping it ahead of every entity in their lives. So with the limited reach I have conducted a research to know what these people actually think, about the alcohol advertisement and the impact it has on them and on the youth. PROBLEMS: May be after lining down some facts, will help me better to make understand the depth of the problem we have and how eagerly needs a solution. About 10 million people in England drink above the guidelines. UK has one of the highest rates of binge drinking in Europe. Up to 1 in 3 adult is at risk of lever disease due to alcohol consumption. 33,000 deaths in UK due to alcohol. (sources: www.drinkaware.co.uk) This is not the end but the start, these are just the symptoms and the problem is ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION; which is one of the major causes to encourage alcohol consumption. There are various factors involved in encouragement of alcohol is starts from marketing, sports sponsorships , TV advertisement, movies, brands to cultural trend of UK which does has thrown out the fear of affects due to alcohol, parental inspirational to children. But if we look into more deep then alcohol marketing has more impact on alcohol consumption. So with bringing alcohol in light the two major issues which are taken care of is, Do alcohol advertisement following its social and ethical responsibilities by following the voluntary codes set up by United Kingdom? And the reason for which these restriction made on alcohol advertisement which is sending wrong message of encouraging alcohol advertisement does has any real story. Yes another problem is do alcohol advertisement encourage drinking? If we look into what are past and present problem lightened by experts, Advertising standards authority an self regulator of advertising across all media in UK, there records says that last year they received over 26,000 complaints which seemed to be complained due to breach the rules. As a result, nearly 2,500 ads were changed or withdrawn in 2008, thanks to a range of effective sanctions at our disposal and the cooperation of advertisers who respect our decisions. And on other hand the British medical Association says Alcohol consumption in the UK has increased rapidly in recent years, not just among young people, but across society. The population is drinking in increasingly harmful ways and the result is a range of avoidable medical, psychological and social harm, damaged lives and early deaths. As consumption has increased, the market for alcohol has grown substantially. This has been driven by vast promotional and marketing campaigns with the UK alcohol industry spending approx imately  £800m annually. (Source: BMA) there are thousands of problem which has been raised due to alcohol advertisement affects not only youth but people of UK too. The National Institute of Clinical Excellence (Nice) has said the government should consider a complete ban on alcohol advertising in order to stop underage and binge drinking. (source: http://www.brandrepublic.com/news/1007168/Government-advisers-support-ban-alcohol-ads/) what I understand here is every advertisement is made to reach out the population and inform them about the product and sell it and earn profit, so can we really blame alcohol industry or UK government? It`s very much important the changing culture and trend which is adopted by our youth, by disrespecting their lives front of alcohol consumption. To understand and find a solution to this issue I have taken a research through qualitative and quantitative approach, so that the criteria can be fulfilled which needed by the alcohol advertisement, with my point of view and participants view on the issue I have tried to put down the solution and the key areas needed to be focused on. OBJECTIVE: The main intention of this research paper is to understand the alcohol advertisement, and what are the disadvantages, it has carried out toward the society. How its own function to reach people and convey them the message behind the product, has become the drawback. To find the explanation of blame on alcohol advertisement, and to what extend alcohol advertisement can be blame for encouraging alcohol consumption. With self understanding of the research I have outline the project with discussions and proves, as secondary data provided by experts. With the journey of finding the answers behind the controversies of alcohol advertisement METHODLOGY: With several methods and technique any kind of research can be conducted but by keeping in the mind that the issue like alcohol advertisement is very subjective, I have taken the help of both the research methods, qualitative( observation) and quantitative ( survey via questionnaire) and of course the with help of secondary data of experts. The reason behind choosing the observation is that it makes the research descriptive and involves the researcher itself which help them to understand the need of the research, and what are the further requirement which will make the research successful. Another method which is survey, which is conducted to complete the research, is because of one main advantage that it has the scientific approach which allows creating and designing the structure of the desired result with flexibility. Secondary data is something which is ready to use, and bring deep explanation to the research. The best advantage of secondary data is the time and cost effective verses primary data which need more expensive and time taking, and since I have gathered both primary and secondary data collection for the research paper. The basic reason to choose these methodologies, if we look into the first issue, does alcohol industry follows voluntary codes set up by UK government for alcohol advertisement? I have done observation and used secondary data to find the reason, as to find the answer to the question it was important to observe the advertisement broadcasting on television, public places, and to the places where a breach of code can be conducted. And use of secondary data was due to the journey which has been alcohol advertisement gone through; the changes which were made due to unsatisfied and controversy it has created. So this has given the observation of the experts and organization wh ich have involved them in this research too. And to find the answer of another issue is alcohol advertisement is to blame for encouraging drinking? This was more of psychological based issue which needed to be answered by the people of UK, though survey via questionnaire which is designed with flexible questions and with the space of opinion which can reflect their mentality of alcohol advertisement contribution in encouraging them to drink more, and again I have also taken help of secondary data which involves journals, articles, repots taken by expert. So my methodology for the research paper is combination of primary and secondary data which involves qualitative and quantitative research with following method like survey and observations. FINDINGS AND DISSCUSSION With giving out surveys to 100 people out of which 70 people responded about their opinion on alcohol advertisement, with the age group of 23 to 54 the survey was filled up and according to them it on them alcohol advertisement do not encourage drinking in the society they think its a personal choice, which they make! 90% of them are not aware of the alcohol advertisement voluntary codes, which are set up by UK government so basically its simple they even don`t know what is legally allowed in alcohol advertisement to be broadcasted. These were the finding of survey conducted in Cardiff city. This result of survey can be put down in two ways, first that the participants are not aware about the alcohol advertisement voluntary codes, which are set up for the society itself, for the protection from the misleading message alcohol advertisement were giving in past. And another finding which is very much psychological based is not accepting the fact that alcohol advertisement do encourage d rinking not in youth but in society too. IS ALCOHOL INDUSTRY RESPONSIBLE? What ASA wants to say? The Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) is the UKs independent regulator of advertising across all media, including TV, internet, sales promotions and direct marketing. A recent survey conducted by ASA to ensure the alcohol advertisement are following alcohol advertising codes in 2008 2009 before December, during the period before Christmas the ASA`s compliance team supervised and assessed all the alcohol advertisements with all the content being used for promotion of alcohol across all the media from 1 to 24 December. The survey showed a very mush positive result, out of 307 alcohol advertisements which were monitored only one of them was contempt for breach of CAP code; and none of the advertisement breached BCAP codes. With overall conformity are of 99.7% and reveal an improvement year to year over 2007 and 2008 survey which were conducted before by ASA in a row, which is compliance rate of 97.4%(2007) and 98.9% (2008) were verified. The data projected by ASA shows MEDIA NO. of ads NO. of breaches Compliance rate of media PRESS 177 1 99.4% OUTDOOR 33 0 100% ONLINE 31 0 100% TV 50 0 100% RADIO 16 0 100% (Source by ASA) 2008 2009 According to ASA alcohol industry is the alcohol ads picked up in the survey sample between 1 December and 24 December 2009, 0.3% breached the CAP Code, a compliance rate of 99.7%. That is an encouraging result and suggests the industry is acting responsibly within the self-regulatory system. The result is an improvement on the compliance rate of 98.9% from the 2008 survey and 97.4% from the 2007 survey. ASA But can we be relaxed after the data representations by ASA, if we really not need to be worried after this result then what expression, will one have after this well projected alcohol advertisement: Is this answerable? Is responsibility reflecting? In the recent discovery by expert Gerard hasting, there were some producer who were found guilty in terms of neglecting voluntary codes setup for alcohol advertisement, he says as UK has chose for self regulatory control system which basically focuses on content of alcohol advertisement, and all this work is regulated by ASA, alcohol standard association and as the part of its alcohol inquiry, Gerard hasting found evidences which proves that the communication agencies and producer were targeting youth , and promoting alcohol. With some marketing document in hand following producers were found guilty to be breach the codes for alcohol advertisement. PRODUCER BRAND COMMUNICATION AGENCY BEVERAGE BRANDS WKD (AN ALCOPOP) BIG COMMUNICATIONS BIRAY LEINO PR FIVE BY FIVE(DIGITAL) DIAGEO SMIRNOFF VODKA AKQA JWT HALEWOOD INTERNATIONAL LAMBRINI ( A PERRY) SIDEKICK SHOTS BJL CHEETHAMBELL JWT MAOLSON COORS BREWING COMAPANY CARLING BEATTIE McGuiness BUNGAY (BMB) (Source: http://www.bmj.com/content/340/bmj.b5650.full) Research has established that alcohol advertising, like that for tobacco and fast food, influences behaviour. It encourages young people to drink alcohol sooner and in greater quantities. (Source: http://www.bmj.com/content/340/bmj.b5650.full) with all the research and finding it does point out that social and ethical responsibility has some major concern, as per the survey taken by 70 general participants of UK even they have agrees to an extent that yes alcohol advertisement does encourage drinking to some extent. Starting with questionnaire people do agree to restrict alcohol advertisement to some extend which is very much reflecting the unseen picture of impact of alcohol advertisement in their eyes. They do accept that the alcohol advertisement do encourage drinking but they to a level deny the fact that alcohol advertisement encourage them personally to drink. With an explanation asked if they do accept that according to them if any alcohol advertisement do reflect the social r esponsibility and the total number of answer to this was NO but if talk about their responsibility in considering to complaint about any of the unethical alcohol advertisement then it again comes too NO. To give an example, from my one of the observation while the research, I realised one of the beer advertisement which do write drink responsibly but this responsible behaviour of the alcohol advertisement was so much tiny that it could not be noticed. If we look into opinion of other experts and communicator than we have (Reuters) Britains system of self regulation on alcohol advertising is failing and companies are pushing the boundaries of codes of practice to lure in young drinkers, social marketing experts said Thursday. One of the main causes for encouraging drinking is the pricing which of course is associated with marketing. A very low pricing does attract people to drinking, today alcohol is cheaper than water The Labour government is coming under increasing pressure from health experts to consider setting minimum prices for alcohol to curb widespread binge drinking by young people with access to cheap drink. Thursdays report was published by the British Medical Journal, whose deputy editor Trish Groves said it was now time to clamp down on alcohol promotion and set a minimum price per unit of alcohol to try to halt a rise in alcohol-related illness.It is time to put away the rhetoric that alcohol misuse is largely an individual problem best avoided and managed through education, counselling, and medical treatment, she wrote in a commentary on the study.Instead, the UK needs to embrace the idea that the health and societal costs of alcohol misuse are best prevented through legislation on pricing and marketing.She noted that while the British government is spending 17.6 million pounds on alcohol education in 2009/10, that figure was dwarfed by the UK drinks industrys 600 million to 800 mil lion pounds annual spend on promoting alcohol. Prime Minister Gordon Brown rejected a recommendation from chief medical officer Liam Donaldson last March that a minimum price of 50 pence should be set per unit of alcohol in England, a level which would nearly double the price of some cheap beers and wines. Donaldson said such a move would reduce the annual number of crimes by 46,000 and hospital admissions by 100,000 while cutting absenteeism from work, saving 1 billion pounds a year. (Source: http://uk.reuters.com/article/idUKTRE60K05Q20100121) ALCOHOL AND SPORTS If alcohol industry is seriously following the voluntary codes set up by organizations then why still alcohol adverting is too blamed for encouraging drinking in society? Or is it that alcohol advertisement voluntary codes set up are not so restricted effective that they are able to stop the impact on the alcohol advertisement which is encouraging drinking; if we look into the alcohol marketing in sports ground, that that may be the one of the strongest impact which has on alcohol consumption. Heineken sponsors European rugby. According to Portman group, a public relation body is tied up with companies like InBev and Carlsberg, and has estimated that alcohol firms spend an estimate amount around  £150m to  £200m on advertising and marketing in UK every year. Sport in many countries is god, and everyone worship god, but this is another form of marketing which means following the god, alcohol industry knows very well if not advertisement then why not to use the sports and sports players as the source of promotion of alcohol and this has proved to be right because recently there is very much rise in alcohol consumption, the specific period of while sports tournament takes place any of the store will provide alcohol on the cheap deals and if even though not, then the culture of UK do force them to consume them. According to Professor Ian Gilmore, president of the Royal College of Physicians and chairman of the Alcohol Health Alliance UK, backed calls for a ban on alcohol and sports sponsorship: Notwithstanding the claims of their lobbyists, it is obvious that drinks industry sponsorship of sport is less about supporting an important part of our national culture and more brand positioning and profit. We need to ask whether this continued alliance and the mixed messages such deals send to young people and adults alike is actually appropriate. (Source:http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2009/nov/10/addiction-journal-alcohol-sport-sponsorship) But on other hand the following statement was urge The alcohol and advertising industries have welcomed a study that claims that a ban on alcohol sponsorship would not curb underage alcohol abuse. The Cardiff Business School study, published by the International Journal of Sports Marketing Sponsorship, found that there are no significant statistical correlations between sports sponsorship awareness and attitudes to alcohol use among underage drinkers. The survey asked 294 pupils aged 14-15 from five schools about their intentions to drink alcohol and to get drunk on the forthcoming weekend. The same students were also asked about their attitudes to drinking alcohol, their involvement in sport and a series of questions to determine their awareness of sponsors. The reports author, Dr Fiona Davies, says although alcohol sponsorship does play a part in perpetuating and normalising the culture of drunkenness, prohibition will not work on its own. And David Poley, chief executive of alcohol industry body The Portman Group, says the study provides evidence that sponsorship has a comparatively minor effect on drinking attitudes. (Source:http://www.marketingweek.co.uk/alcohol-industry-welcomes-alcohol-sponsorship-report/3009929.article) ALCOHOL ADVERTISEMENT AND ITS EFFECTS: Watching alcohol adverts on television may make young people drink more alcohol, according to a recent study published in Archives of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Researchers at the University of Connecticut asked nearly 2000 young people aged between 15 and 26 about how much they drank. The answers were compared with the amount spent on advertising alcohol on television in their area. The interviews were carried out over a two-year period. Some people were interviewed up to four times. The study revealed that American youths who watched more alcohol adverts tended to drink more alcohol too. For each extra advert watched in a month, the interviewees consumed one percent more alcohol. Across all age groups, for every extra dollar per head spent on adverts in each television area, alcohol consumption rose by three percent. They concluded that alcohol advertising contributes to increase drinking among young people. The study also seemed to undermine previous claims that alcohol advertising has no effect on underage drinkers. It focused on advertising spending information rather than asking interviewees to estimate how many alcohol adverts they had seen. (SOURCE:http://www.bupa.co.uk/health_information/html/health_news/060106alcoholadvertising.htmlSnyder L, Milici F, Slater M, Sun H, Strizhakova Y. Effects of Alcohol Advertising Exposure on Drinking Among Youth. Archives of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine 2006; 160:18-24.) The National Institute of Clinical Excellence (Nice) has said the government should consider a complete ban on alcohol advertising in order to stop underage and binge drinking. Nice, which also called for a minimum price to be imposed on alcoholic drinks, has issued a 91-page document which claims that one in four adults in England is drinking what it deemed a dangerous amount of alcohol, which it says costs the NHS about  £2.7bn a year. The report suggests a number of changes to marketing legislation, which it claims could stem alcohol abuse. The report says: There is evidence that alcohol advertising does affect children and young people. One of its proposals is a complete alcohol advertising ban to protect children and young people from exposure to alcohol advertising. The report goes on to propose a review of rules, suggesting that new limits are set by the Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) to reduce the proportion of children exposed to alcohol, and ensure that all alcohol advertising particularly when it involves new media and product placement, is covered by a stringent regulatory system. (Source:http://www.brandrepublic.com/news/1007168/Government-advisers-support-ban-alcohol-ads/) EXPERIMENT: 1 Objective: To test whether alcohol advertising expenditures and the degree of exposure to alcohol advertisements affect alcohol consumption by youth. Design: Longitudinal panel using telephone surveys. Setting: Households in 24 US media markets, April 1999 to February 2001. Participants: Individuals aged 15 to 26 years were randomly sampled within households and households within media markets. Markets were systematically selected from the top 75 media markets, representing 79% of the US population. The baseline refusal rate was 24%. Sample sizes per wave were 1872, 1173, 787, and 588. Data on alcohol advertising expenditures on television, radio, billboards, and newspapers were collected. Main Exposures: Market alcohol advertising expenditures per capita and self-reported alcohol advertising exposure in the prior month. Main Outcome Measure: Self-reported number of alcoholic drinks consumed in the prior month. Results: Youth who saw more alcohol advertisements on average drank more (each additional advertisement seen increased the number of drinks consumed by 1% [event rate ratio, 1.01; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.02]). Youth in markets with greater alcohol advertising expenditures drank more (each additional dollar spent per capita raised the number of drinks consumed by 3% [event rate ratio, 1.03; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.05]). Examining only youth younger than the legal drinking age of 21 years, alcohol advertisement exposure and expenditures still related to drinking. Youth in markets with more alcohol advertisements showed increases in drinking levels into their late 20s, but drinking platitude in the early 20s for youth in markets with fewer advertisements. Control variables included age, gender, ethnicity, high school or college enrolment, and alcohol sales. Conclusion: Alcohol advertising contributes to increase drinking among youth. (Source: http://archpedi.ama-assn.org/cgi/content/abstract/160/1/18, Leslie B. Snyder, PhD; Frances Fleming Milici, PhD; Michael Slater, PhD; Helen Sun, MA; Yuliya Strizhakova, PhD Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2006; 160:18-24.) OTHER EXPERIMENT: BY NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON ALCOHOL ABUSE AND ALCOHOLISM RESEARCH MONOGRAPH 28 Alcohol beverage advertisers are exploring a variety of ways to protect and extend their reach. Brewers are the most vigorous in this effort. Faced with similar problem, a marketing study reported, much other industry would have pulled in their marketing horn long ago. The brewing industry`s response has been almost the opposite. It is doing everything possible to attract new customers, and one brewing industry executive calls it a panic' (Hume 1985, p.16) while most beer advertising budgets shrank, the top three beer brands increased their advertising by more than 20 percent (Nutrition Action Health letter 1992). By McCarty and Ewing Experiment was conducted by McCarty and Ewing (1983). The subjects viewed a set of magazine ad slides for eight distilled spirit products or for non alcohol products as part of a supposed evaluation of sexual stimuli in advertising messages. In the counterbalanced design, half saw the alcohol ads first and half saw them following the non alcohol ads; a second manipulation involved access to a distilled spirit mixed drink versus a soft drink before evaluating the slides. During a break between exposure sessions, all subjects fixed drinks with liquor and mixers at a private bar before viewing the opposite set of slides. Each ad was shown for 30 seconds initially and 2.5 minutes during a later group discussion of sexual content. There was no significant main effect of advertising on amount of liquor poured, rate of consumption, or blood alcohol content (BAC) level on a breath testing device at the end of the study. However there was a significant interaction: among subjects in the alcoh ol pre drink condition, those viewing alcohol ads in the second slide session following the break had higher BAC scores than subjects who viewed these slides first. The author concluded that the higher blood alcohol levels suggest that alcoholic advertisi

Coach Inc Case Preparation Essay

Coach Inc. Case Preparation: Key Facts: Low cost provider strategy Focused on matching key luxury rivals in quality and styling while beating them on price by 50 percent or more; competitive advantage Multichannel distribution model (indirect wholesales to third-party retailors vs. direct-to-consumer sales. Priorities increase global distribution and improve same-store sales productivity Build market share in NA, Japan Raise brand awareness and build share in underpenetrated markets Increase sales of products targeted towards men Create an online marketing presence using coach.com, etc 4.2 billion in sales in 2011 (20 percent annual increase) 63 percent were handbags, 27 percent accessories, 10 percent other products 16.7 million to 880 million in net income  2012 direct-to-consumer accounted for 87% of 2011’s net sales, indirect wholesaler had net sales of 540 million Coach, Inc. in 2012: Its strategy in the ‘accessible’ luxury goods market 1. Describe the macro environment of the luxury goods industry. Political Factors: The market in China was restricted for some time by the Chinese government Economic Conditions: the economic downturn in 2007-2009 hurt the luxury goods industry Sociocultural Forces: healthy/green movement, more conservative with money after the downturn etc Technological Factors: more ways to talk to consumers, provide brand awareness, and allow consumers to buy (websites, mobile apps, etc.) Environmental Factors: weather not really a concern in the luxury goods industry Legal/Regulatory Conditions: none mentioned in the case really, other than the counterfeit laws which are in place to help the luxury goods industry 2. What are the defining characteristics of the industry? What is the industry like? Defining characteristics of the industry/what is the industry like includes many competitors, growing demand as middle class and upper class expand, diversity in luxury products (using your brand name and  attaching it to other products/lines i.e., men’s products for coach). 3. How is the market for luxury handbags and leather accessories changing? What are the underlying drivers of change, and how can these forces change the industry? The market doesn’t seem to be changing very much, maybe expanding as more money and other countries are becoming wealthier (India). Drivers of change are new internet capabilities and applications, product and marketing innovation, changing societal concerns, attitudes, and lifestyles Different wants handbags for the more on the go lifestyle, environmentally friendly bags/processes. 4. What key factors determine the success of makers of fine handbags and leather accessories? KFSs are: diverse products, ahead of trends (fashion), marketing research, lower price point than competition, brand loyalty/recognition/awareness 5. What is competition like in the industry? Which of the five competitive forces is the strongest? Which is the weakest? What is the industry’s potential for profitability? Many competitors in the luxury goods industry. Strongest of the five forces I believe is rivalry, competitive pressures come from other firms in the industry, competitors numerous equal size and competitive strength, face high exit barriers, diverse countries of origin Weakest of the five forces I believe is potential new entrants, because brand recognition is so important in the industry Industry’s potential for profitability is high, markets are large and expanding, their sales are already high etc. 6. What does your strategic group map of the industry look like? The three main categories: haute-couture, traditional luxury and accessible luxury The first two are not where Coach competes but where some of its competitors are, where they have created other product lines that compete in the accessible luxury category. DKYNY, Calvin Klein, Louis Vuitton, (last two created diffusion lines) are competition in the accessible luxury category 7. What recommendations would you make to Lew Frankfort to improve the company’s competitive position in the industry and its market performance? Follow their current plans and strategies to open up and pursue growing markets to improve market performance, and increased market share will help their competitive position.

Teen Suicide…Enough Is Enough

Teen Suicide†¦Enough Is Enough One day I will be getting a tattoo on my right shoulder that contains the phrase, â€Å"Live For More! † I want the words to be in an old-fashioned, yet fancy, script and the letters will be both black and bold. My reason behind that specific font is to make the phrase stand out as much as possible, so that whoever reads my arm can see exactly how meaningful life really is to me, as a teenager living in today’s highly competitive, responsible, and stress filled world! Teen suicide attempts and completions are at an all time high in these present days and there are many reasons contributing to its growth as years progress. I am sick of adolescents ending potentially happy and successful lives. Now is the time to address not only its growth and statistics throughout the years, but also to reveal the underlining causes and warning signs of suicide. Essentially, it is also the most opportune moment to discuss the many possible life saving solutions to end this serious, yet popular, problem. It is official that today teen suicide is at an all time high. Surveys have shown that more than 25 percent of high school students and 10 percent of college students have seriously considered taking certain actions to end their lives. This unfortunate problem has grown a rate four times that of 1950. In present days, girls are about twice as likely to attempt suicide, whereas boys are actually four times more likely to complete the act. To prove wrong the assumption that the problem is mostly based upon economic terms, statistics show that rich teens kill themselves as often as poor or middle-income adolescents. Statistics even state, â€Å"Today, an estimated 276,000 kids between the ages of 14 and 17 try killing themselves each year, and more than 5,000 succeed† (Roleff). Studies also show that, at one time or another, every person has already thought of or will think about suicide. These numbers are very disturbing, and yet they only partially convey the ultimate tragedy that each teen suicide victim truly contributes to the aching hearts of their family and community. The only possible way to stop this travesty starts with understanding the pain that the suicide holder possesses and to force them to understand that the juice really is not worth the squeeze. Due to these statistics, a culmination of confusion tends to ensue. The big question is, why are teenagers so willing and eager to end the most valuable thing that a person can possibly possess, which happens to be their life? I am sure you have asked yourself this question once before, I know I have. The truth is that stress is the most contributing factor to suicide. The fact is that growing up is more stressful in present times than it’s ever been before. Other reasons include the death of a loved one, overpopulation and the break down of family, obesity, increased parental pressure to excel, and the easy access to drugs, alcohol, and firearms. Personally, I view romantic relationships to also be a huge concern within this problem. It is commonly seen, that following a break-up, teens choose suicide to impose a point or to just cause the most severe form of guilt. Stress is the number one cause of depression. â€Å"Suicide is a major danger associated with depression. Because of the associated shame and secrecy with suicide, many fail to get or give help. † (Carpenter 353). There are three main warning signs and symptoms pertaining to the act of suicide. The first is behavioral changes, which include changes in eating and sleeping habits, social isolation, drinking or drug use, or the giving away of valued possessions. The second is personal changes, which includes the appearance of common moods associated with anger, anxiety, or depression. These moods lead to aggressiveness, hopelessness, hypersensitivity, boredom, or difficulty concentrating. The final symptom includes health problems, such as frequent headaches, weight loss or gain, or fatigue. â€Å"It has been proven that two-thirds of those who commit suicide give some warning signs first† (Gorman). It is really up to us†¦as friends, relatives, teachers, and parents to recognize these signals and symptoms. We must all work together to react and respond quickly and strongly, person to person! Furthermore, once we all understand the warnings and overall reasons behind teen suicide, many steps can be taken to prevent future cases. Overall the ultimate aim is to make suicide more difficult and less likely. Researchers say that suicidal impulses usually last only about fifteen minutes and making it past that time may be just enough to defuse the whole situation. This is obviously easier said than done! First of all, never keep suicide a secret. If there is ever suspicion, immediately seek parental assistance. â€Å"The use of a therapist is the most popular solution, yet sometimes money is a huge issue. In that case, get somebody involved whom you can fully trust, that will charge very little to nothing† (Manning). Another very simple prevention is the denying of availability of prescription drugs and alcohol by keeping them out of easy access. Since about half of all young people who kill themselves do it with guns kept at home, one solution is for parents to keep guns hidden and unloaded, with bullets stored separately† (Roleff). My personal solution would be that of bringing about the most apparent, yet hidden, importance and splendors within life. I would forcefully exp lain and emphasize that it is a blessing and privilege to be alive, and that people must make the most out of what they have. Of course it is easy enough to just give up, but there is really no point. Once you are gone then you can never again see the beauty of a sunset or the magic of growth in all living things, never again feel the excitement of a shooting star, never again smell the sweet scent of spring air, or never again experience the splendor of romance. After one is all said and done, then there is no coming back! Finally, I would ask once again†¦is the juice really worth the squeeze? Now is time for teens to stop committing the morbid sin of suicide! Cases have grown drastically throughout the years, mainly due to all of the stress that teens are forced to face each and everyday. The only true way to stop this grievous problem is to eliminate all depressants, such as alcohol and drugs, and to promote motivation and confidence to succeed no matter what obstacle stands in the way. The key is to live for more†¦to take what you have and make the most that you possibly can, which I do everyday of my life! If you ever prevent somebody from committing suicide, he or she may be upset with you for a while. But chances are they won’t be upset for too long. At least they will have a lifetime to change their mind!

Introduction to the Japanese Word Koishii

The  Ã¢â‚¬â€¹Japanese word koishii  means dear and beloved. In Japanese characters, koishii is  Ã¦ â€¹Ã£ â€"㠁„ (㠁“㠁„㠁â€"㠁„).   Example Tokidoki ie ga koishiku narimasu.時々å ® ¶Ã£ Å'æ â€¹Ã£ â€"㠁 Ã£  ªÃ£â€šÅ Ã£  ¾Ã£ â„¢Ã£â‚¬â€š Translation: I get homesick every once in a while.